Heating apparatus



July 14, 1925. 1,545,957 L. B. GRAHAM HEATING APPARATUS Filed July 26, 1920 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 July 14, 1925 L. B. GRAHAM HEATING APPARATUS Filed July 26, 1920 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented July 14, 1925.

'UNITEDCSTAT'ES 1,545,957 PATENT OFFICE;

LESLIE B. GRAHAM, OF EAST CHICAGO, INDIANA, ASSIGNOR TO NATIONAL BOILER WASHING COMPANY OF ILLINOIS, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, A CORPORATION OF ILLINOIS.

Application filed July 26,

To all whom z'tmay. concern.

Be it known that I, LESLIE ,B. GRAHAM, a citizen of the United States, residing at East Chicago, in the county of Lake and State of Indiana, have invented certain new and useful Improvements. in Heating Apparatus, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to a heating apparatus applicable to situations where it is desirable to maintain a substantially uniform temperature throughout a considerable length of heat radiating surface, as for instance, the radiator in a room or other place where it is desirable to maintain atmospheric temperature within limits, or a. pipe or fluid conduit where it is desired to keep up the temperature of the contents, for example, in insuring aconsistencythat-will permit the liquid to flow.

The invention proceeds upon the principle of delivering a heat-conveying medium, such, for instance, as steam, through a conduit which enters one end of a radiatorand continues throughthe same to a point near the other end thereof, where the heating medium is released and caused to develop into a heat distributing environment which will not only give off the heat with which it enters the radiator, but will constantly take up heat from the conduit which it surrounds and transmit the same by radiation or convection to the radiating wall and keep the latter from end to end uniformly within the limits of temperature desired; an escape port for air or vapor at a point remote from the point at which the heating medium is released insuring distribution of the equalizing medium within the radiator; and either the same port or an independent port being provided for the escape of water of condensation that may accumulate from the vapor which is retained as the equalizing medium. The invention contemplates the use of aqueous vapor mainly as the heat equalizing or distributing medium, as well as various means for determining the character of this heat distributing environment between the radiator wall and its contained supply conduit. It also contemplates the employment, if desired, of means whereby the heating medium may be confined in the radiator under pressure that will develop temperatures above that which is obtainable from a distributing environment at or below HEATING APIARATUS.

1920. Serial No. 398,906.

atmospheric pressure, and in realizing this feature of the invention means may be provided for delivering the heating mediu directly into the radiator space.

Any suitable means may be provided forevacuating the radiator space, for instance, a known construction of water trap at a low pointtherein, a known form of mechanical evacuator, or mechanical means may be employed for this purpose, and even used to keep the pressure therein below atmosphere;

Several embodiments of the invention are shown in the accompanying drawings by way of illustration.

In said drawings- Figures 1 and 2' illustrate the inventio as applied to an oil conduit system, the contents of which is to be maintained at a temperature that will insure fluidity; Figure Referring to Figures 1 and 2, 1 repre-' sents a provisional reservoir for oil or other liquid, having a pipe 2 through which it dis charges and a pipe 3 through which it is fed from a main pipe 4 or other source ofsupply. In order to keep the temperature of the contents of the container 1 up to fluidity, there is embodied .therein a radiator con structed in accordance with the principles of the present invention. v

Referring to all of the illustrative forms of the invention, the radiator comprises a pipe 5, or a plurality of pipes 5 connected in series, arranged in heat imparting relation to the liquid of the container or to the atmosphere surrounding the radiator, as the case may be, and within this radiator is mounted a. feed pipe 6 for a heating medium. In order that the feed pipe 6 may maintain a substantially uniform high or low temperature throughout the radiator 5 above or below 212 F'., notwithstanding the extended length of the latter and the remoteness of portions thereof from the source of heating medium, said feed pipe is introduced near one end of the radiator, as,

for instance, through the packing joint 7, and extends through the radiator to the remote end 8 thereof where the steam, or other vehicle for the heat, escapes into the radiator and flows thence, as aqueous vapor or Water of condensation, backwardly through the radiator and around the feed pipe, to a point remote from its point of release. By this arrangement the heating medium, While losing heat by radiation through the walls of the radiator 5, is likewise taking up heat radiated through the walls of the feed pipe 6, and a temperature approximately uniform is maintained throughout the length of the radiator. Moreover, by regulating the release of the heating medium at the point 8, the degree of temperature may be regulated within limits, below the boiling point of water in and at atmospheric pressure.

In Figures 1 and 2, the medium which develops from the released heating medium and which. constitutes the heat distributing and equalizing environment of the radiator, is discharged from the radiator at the end 9 remote from the point 8 at which the heating medium is released.

In Figure 3 air or vapor is led through riser 10 to the high point 10 of the radiator, while water of condensation escapes through trap '13. The medium maintained in Figure 4 will be controlled by water trap 13 and will therefore be merely aqueous vapor. A scale pipe 16 (Figure 4) may be employed near a lower end of the system in position to intercept scale traveling toward an outlet.

The feed pipe 6, when steam is employed as the heat conveying medium, may lead from any suitable source such as boiler 14, and its feed may be graduated by valve 15 so that the temperature can be kept down as low as desired, particularly when the regulation is influenced jointly by the valve 15 and the evacuating device 12.

Obviously, the feed pipe 6 may extend between and supply steam to containers other than the reservoir 1, as suggested in Figure 1, and such reservoir may be duplicated at intervals along a pipe line for the purpose of maintaining fluidity of the contents being fed.

In the embodiment shown in Figure 4, Where the trap 13 maintains the system substantially evacuated of Water of' condensation and permits aqueous vapor to develop the heat distributing environment, an air vent 17 will be employed at the high point of the radiator and adjusted so as to insure a suflicient circulation of vapor through the radiator to keep it uniformly filled.

As shown in Figure 4, the valve 18 may be employed for connecting the steam pipe 6 directly with the space of the radiatorwhere, in case of need of excessively high temperature, direct radiation from the heat conveying medium proves advantageous.

I claim:

1. A heater comprising an elongated radiator and a steam pipe extending through said radiator to a remote portion thereof, and there constructed to discharge steam into the space between the conduit and the Wall of the radiator; said radiator having means for withdrawing both vapor and water of condensation from said space.

2. A heater comprising an elongated radiator and a steam pipe extending through said radiator to a remote portion thereof, and there constructed to discharge steam into the space between the conduit and the wall of the radiator; said radiator having means for regulating escape of air or vapor from said space and also controlling the accumulation of water of condensation therein.

3. Aheater comprising an elongated radiator and a steam pipe extending through said radiator to a remote portion thereof, and there constructed to discharge steam into the space between the conduit and the wall of the radiator; said radiator also'having means for delivering steam directly into said space.

Signed at Chicago, Illinois, this 19th day of July, 1920.

LESLIE B. GRAHAM; 

